A research is more than fity percent writing. Research writing needs clear writing more than any other writings. So what is clear writing and how to do it?
Clear writing is expression of ideas with clarity, directness and precision (Ragins, 2012) as Gunning (1952, 1968) put it, writing is transferring of ideas clearly from one head to another and the focus is always on the reader. Clear writing is not pretentious, it is a journey that is clear, logical and direct. It is also about writing simply, but not simplistic. Gunning also cited that clear writing is based on clear thinking.
Zinsser (2006) noted that clear writing as, "The secret of good writing is to strip every sentence to its cleanest components. Every word that serves no function, every long word that could be a short word, every adverb that carries the same meaning that's already in the verb, every passive construction that leaves the reader unsure of who is doing what-these are the thousand and one adulterants that weaken the strength of a sentence. And they usually occur in proportion to education and rank (p. 6).
How to write clearly is based on some suggestions by Ragins (2012). First, to avoid foggy writing, take the time to really think through your ideas before start writing. Zinsser advises that the writer should look for the clutter and prune it ruthlessly. Second, avoid in using too many concepts and fail to define and contextualize them. And third, problem in the"story line", a writing is supposed to hook and carry the reader on a straightforward jouney from the beginning to the very end of the manuscript. The remedies suggested that writing should start with a strong introduction, compelling hooked and clear justifications, writer needs to deliver on the promise and not dissapoint or abandon the reader. Provide clear roadmap that shows the reader step-by-step how the theory or main point arrives.
Happy writing ...